GRAMÁTICA BÁSICA

https://www3.gobiernodecanarias.org/medusa/ecoblog/mhorsep/files/2012/10/gramatica-inglesa1.pdf 

 

GRAMÁTICA  BÁSICA

BASIC GRAMMAR  

1-VERB “ TO BE” SER-ESTAR-SIMPLE PRESENT

PRESENTE SIMPLE

PRESENTE AFIRMATIVO                                  PRESENTE NEGATIVO:

(Soy, estoy):

I am (I'm)                                                 I am not (I'm not)

You are (you're)                                      You are not (aren't)

He is (he's)                                             He is not (isn't)

She is (she's)                                         She is not (isn't)

It is (it's)                                                  It is not (isn't)

We are (we're)                                      We are not (aren't)

You are (you're)                                   You are not (aren't)

They are (they're)                                They are not (aren't)

PRESENTE INTERROGATIVO:

Am I?

Are you? Yes, I am

Is he? No, he is not

Is she?

Is it?

Are we? Yes, we are

Are you?

Are they? No, they are not

2- FORMAS IMPERSONALES DEL VERBO TO BE:

AFFIRMATIVE                                                         NEGATIVES

There is: hay 1 (nombre en singular)                      There isn't: no hay

There are: hay MÁS DE 1 (nombre en plural)        There aren't: no hay

INTERROGATIVES

Is there?

Are there?

Además del significado "ser, estar" este verbo puede aparecer con otras

significaciones, concretamente se utiliza cuando hablamos de:

a).- Edad: How old are you? I'm eighteen.

b).- Temperatura: It's hot today.

c).- Altura: How tall is she? She is 1 metre 68.

d).- Peso: How heavy are you? I am 52 kilos.

e).- Tamaño: My flat is a hundred square metres.

f).- Distancia: It is 100 kilometres to London.

g).- Precio: How much is it? It is £2.15.

h).- Hora: What time is it? It is half past two.

i).- Fecha: It is 21st May today.

j).- Hambre - sed: Are you hungry? No, I'm not, but I'm thirsty.

3-. VERBO TO HAVE GOT (Tener) SIMPLE PRESENT- PRESENTE SIMPLE

En inglés la posesión puede indicarse con el verbo To Have Got.

PRESENTE AFIRMATIVO                                      PRESENTE NEGATIVO:
(tengo):
I have  got                                                         I have not (haven't) got
You have got                                                     You have not (haven't) got
He has got                                                        He has not (hasn't) got
She has got                                                       She has not (hasn't) got
It has got                                                          It has not (hasn't) got
We have got                                                    We have not (haven't) got
You have got                                                   You have not (haven't) got
They have got                                                 They have not (haven't) got

PRESENTE INTERROGATIVO:
Have I got?
Have you got?
Has he got ?
Has she got? YES, SHE HAS
Has it got?
Have we got?
Have you got?
Have they got? NO, THEY HAVE NOT ( HAVEN’T)

4- VERBO CAN (Poder)

PRESENTE AFIRMATIVO                                  PRESENTE NEGATIVO:

(puedo):

I can                                                                 I cannot

You can                                                           You cannot (can't)

He can                                                               He cannot (can't)

She can                                                           She cannot (can't)

It can                                                                it  cannot(can't)

We can                                                          We cannot (can't)

You can                                                          You cannot (can't)

They can                                                       They cannot (can't)

PRESENTE INTERROGATIVO:

Can I?

Can you? YES, I can

Can he?

Can she? No, she can’t

Can it?

Can we?

Can you?

Can they? Yes, they can

5-  PARTÍCULAS INTERROGATIVAS:

WHAT: ¿QUÉ?

WHEN: ¿CUÁNDO?

WHERE: ¿DÓNDE?

WHY: ¿POR QUÉ?

HOW? ¿CÓMO?

WHO? ¿QUIÉN?

HOW MUCH ? ¿CUÁNTO? (OBJETOS INCONTABLES)

HOW MANY? ¿CUÁNTO? (OBJETOS CONTABLES)

WHAT TIME? ¿A QUÉ HORA?

WHOSE? ¿DE QUIÉN?